Worked examples at a $20 base rate
These examples hold the hours constant so the difference between total pay and premium is visible. They use one 10-hour overtime block and no MAGI phase-out or annual cap reduction.
| Arrangement | Overtime pay | Regular-rate portion | Premium portion |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1.5× time-and-a-half | $30 × 10 = $300 | $20 × 10 = $200 | $100 |
| 2× double time | $40 × 10 = $400 | $20 × 10 = $200 | $200 |
Why the FLSA reference matters
The existing T2 methodology points to IRC §225, 29 U.S.C. §207, IRS Notice 2025-69, and Schedule 1-A. The calculator describes the qualifying work as FLSA overtime, generally the time-and-a-half premium required by Section 7 of the Fair Labor Standards Act. A higher contractual rate can contain a qualified component and an extra employer promise, so the payroll facts need to be read carefully.
For example, an employer might pay double time on a holiday even when the hours do not trigger the FLSA overtime requirement. That payment can be valuable wages, but the calculator should not automatically treat the entire extra amount as the deduction. Ask how the hours were classified, which rate was the regular rate, and which part was required under the applicable overtime rule.
Salaried exempt employees present the opposite problem. If the employee is not entitled to FLSA overtime, a premium described informally as overtime may not meet the qualification condition. The calculator cannot determine exemption status from a pay rate alone.
Caps, phase-outs, and records
The annual cap is $12,500 for single filers and $25,000 for married filing jointly for tax years 2025 through 2028. The phase-out reduces the capped amount by $100 for each $1,000 of MAGI above $150,000 single or $300,000 joint, using the rounding treatment documented by the T2 engine.
Keep the timecard, payroll register, pay stub, collective-bargaining or employment terms, and any employer explanation of the regular rate. These documents make it possible to distinguish hours, multiplier, and premium instead of relying on a rounded year-end total. The calculator is most useful after those inputs have been identified.
- Enter the base rate, qualifying overtime hours, weeks, and multiplier separately.
- Subtract the regular-rate portion before comparing the amount with the cap.
- Treat a contractual double-time label as a prompt to verify the FLSA basis, not as automatic proof.
- Remember that Social Security and Medicare taxes still apply to overtime pay.